Phoenix

MENTAL HEALTH

SLEEP AND MENTAL HEALTH

Dr. Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi

SLEEP AND MENTAL HEALTH

Dr. Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi

Mental health is an obvious part of well-being. Sleep and mental health are intimately connected. Sleep deprivation affects one’s psychological state and mental health. People with mental health issues are more likely to have insomnia or other sleep disorders. And having insomnia or other sleep orders aggravate the symptoms of mental illness. This is like a vicious cycle! Looking at the statistics, physicians experienced that chronic sleep problems affect 50% to 80% of patients in a typical psychiatric practice, compared with 10% to 18% of adults in the general U.S. population1. However, in Canada, 50% of adults have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep and 12.3% of sleep deprived adults report having poor mental health2. We lack such data from Bangladesh or other countries of South Asia.

The Irish proverb, “A good laugh and a long sleep are the best cures in the doctor’s book,” is often shortened to “Sleep is the best medicine”; however, the meanings are similar. There is no substitute for rest and relaxation when it comes to getting better. This one is accurate. Processes related to your immune system and sleep overlap. During sleep, the body is less occupied with basic functions such as walking, talking, thinking, and eating. If the body is resting, it can instead focus on fighting off illness. In fact, sleep boosts production of some protein and modulators that are linked to speeding up recovery from illnesses like the flu.

“According to scientific research, when a person falls asleep, there are four stages they pass through. These are wake, light sleep, deep sleep, and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep3. There are links between the duration of a person’s REM sleep and their memory, ability to learn, and emotional wellbeing. For an example, research correlates depression and insufficient REM sleep.”

According to scientific research, when a person falls asleep, there are four stages they pass through. These are wake, light sleep, deep sleep, and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep3. There are links between the duration of a person’s REM sleep and their memory, ability to learn, and emotional wellbeing. For an example, research correlates depression and insufficient REM sleep.

The reasons for sleep disturbances are wide-ranging: from too much screen time to deep-rooted mental health challenges. There are several mental health problems that produce sleep disruption. Sleep deprivation and anxiety are a common pair. People with short-term anxiety, and people with long-term anxiety disorders, often report trouble getting enough sleep. The experience of not being able to fall asleep can increase anxious feelings associated with bedtime. It is understandably stressful to have trouble sleeping, and that stress turns into catalyst for more and more anxious thoughts. Besides, lifestyle habits contribute to sleep problems, too. Coffee/tea drinkers might have trouble sleeping because caffeine is a stimulant. Tobacco, alcohol and other drugs can prevent you from sleeping at all, or prevent you from sleeping deeply. Sometimes stimuli like light from cell phones, laptops and television screens interrupt one’s ability to fall asleep and stay asleep.

Mental health and proper sleep go hand in hand. Quality sleep is an important aspect of overall mental health. Working with a professional can help uncover poor sleep habits, or stressful thoughts causing insomnia. You can consult psychiatrists or psychologists or psychotherapists to get started with better sleep, relief of stress and nurturing mental wellbeing. Their work also involves helping patients manage their sleep disorders, and educating on sleep habits. For some, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can help build new routines and improve feelings around sleep. Above all, there are prescribed medications available to manage sleep disorders.

References:

1.Primary Care Collaborative. Sleep and Mental Health: Why Our Brains Need Sleep. Retrieved from: https://www.pcpcc.org/resource/sleep-and-mental-health-why-our-brains-need-sleep (Accessed March 09, 2021).

2.Government of Canada. Public Health Agency of Canada. Are Canadian adults getting enough sleep? 2019. Retrieved from: https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/healthy-living/canadian adults-getting-enough-sleep-infographic.html(Accessed March 09, 2021).

3.National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep 2019. Retrieved from://https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient Caregiver Education/Understanding-Sleep (Accessed March 05, 2021).

Dr. Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi MBBS, MPhil, MSc

Dalla Lana School of Public Health

University of Toronto

ON, Canada

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